j09083的部落格

Suppress(v.)

1.      to stop opposition or protest using military force or strict laws

suppress a rebellion/uprising/demonstration: Pro-independence demonstrations were ruthlessly suppressed.

a.      to stop an activity, especially by making laws or by using your authority

State monopolies had suppressed all forms of economic competition.

b.      to stop information from being published or publicly discussed

They claim that the report has been deliberately suppressed by the oil companies.

2.      to stop a physical process from happening or developing

These drugs should suppress your appetite.

3.      to stop yourself from feeling an emotion

It’s bad to suppress your feelings.

suppressed anger and resentment

a.      to stop yourself from showing an emotion, especially one that might offend someone

She shook her head, suppressing a smile.

suppress an urge/impulse: I kept my voice level and suppressed the urge to hit him.

 

Contest(n.)

1.      a competition, especially one in which people’s skill in a particular activity or sport is tested

a contest between the two top-rated tennis players in the world

a singing/poetry contest

2.      a situation in which two or more people or groups are competing to gain power or an advantage

the contest for the lottery franchise

She has now withdrawn from the presidential contest.

 

Treatise(n.)

a serious book or piece of writing about a particular subject

 

even(a.)

1.      used for showing that you are saying something that is surprising

It always feels cold in this room, even in summer.

Even the dog refused to eat it.

Lucy’s face brightened a little – she even managed to smile.

*not even: He never stopped working, not even at Christmas.

They didn’t even offer me a glass of water.

even now (=used for saying it is surprising that something still continues): Even now, after all these years, he cannot mention her name without crying.

*even then (=used for saying that something is surprising after what has happened): I sat down and explained the rules to him, but even then he continued to do as he pleased.

2. used for emphasizing that although something is big, good, bad, etc., something else is bigger, better, worse, etc.

She admits things are bad, but argues they were even worse under the previous government.

If anything, local people are treated even more harshly than foreigners.

3.      used for adding a more extreme word or phrase to emphasize what you have just said

Her latest novel was very good, maybe even brilliant.

The argument might have ended in violence – murder, even.

 

Communal(a.)

1.      owned or used by everyone in a group, especially a group of people who live in the same building

a communal kitchen/garden/stairway

2.      relating to a particular community

 

performed(v.)

1.      [INTRANSITIVE/TRANSITIVE] to do something in front of an audience in order to entertain them, for example by acting in a play or singing

The opera was first performed in 1992.

Akram went on to perform on stage in England and India.

2.      [TRANSITIVE] to complete an action or activity, especially a complicated one

perform a task/duty/service: Machines are capable of performing many routine tasks.

perform an experiment/check/test: Two experiments were performed to test this hypothesis.

perform a ceremony/rite/ritual: The priest will perform the ceremony on Saturday.

perform miracles (=do things that seem almost impossible): an interior designer who can perform miracles with your home

a.      [INTRANSITIVE] to have a particular job or purpose

Often a grandparent could perform the role of main carer.

perform a function/role: The front teeth perform a cutting function.

3.      [INTRANSITIVE] to do something with a particular amount of success

Stress at home affects how you perform at work.

perform well/poorly/satisfactorily: The tires perform well in wet or snowy conditions.

The party had performed poorly in the elections.

 

Converted(v.)

1.      [INTRANSITIVE/TRANSITIVE] to change from one system, use, or method to another, or to make something do this

You have to convert the temperature readings from Fahrenheit to Celsius.

The subsidies are to enable farmers to convert to organic production methods.

*convert into: The sofa converts into a bed.

*convert something into something: They converted the old school into luxury apartments.

2. [INTRANSITIVE/TRANSITIVE] to change your beliefs, especially your religious beliefs, or to persuade someone to do this

*convert to: At the age of 16, Greene converted to Catholicism.

3. [TRANSITIVE] to make a conversion in football

 

Rural(a.)

relating to parts of a country that are not near cities and where the population is low

people who live in remote rural areas

social change in rural communities

rural areas/roads/schools

a.      typical of the countryside

The atmosphere is so pleasantly rural.

 

Hymns(n.)

a religious song that people usually sing in churches

 

engaged(a.)

1.      FORMAL involved in doing something

*engaged in: Her team knew they were engaged in work of great importance.

2. if two people are engaged, they have formally agreed to get married

How long have you been engaged?

*engaged to: She’s engaged to someone she met at work.

*become/get engaged: We got engaged about this time last year.

3. BRITISH if a telephone line is engaged, it is busy

The number’s engaged.

 

supremacy(n.)

a situation in which one person, group, or thing has more power or influence than any other

the dollar’s supremacy on the global foreign exchanges

They need to maintain their technological supremacy.

Rival gangs battled for supremacy.

 

Bail(n.)

the chance to stay out of prison until your trial

*grant someone bail (=allow them to have bail): He was granted bail by the court.

*(out) on bail: offenders who commit crimes while out on bail

refuse someone bail: The judge is expected to refuse the suspect bail.

 

Duration(n.)

the period of time during which something continues to happen or exist

Treatment of the disease depends on its severity and duration.

duration of: The duration of the movie is 110 minutes.

*for the duration of something: Passengers are requested not to smoke for the duration of the flight.

*in duration: The solar eclipse was roughly two minutes in duration.

 

Spectator(n.)

someone who watches a public activity or event, especially a sports event

Crowds of spectators were massed along the route of the parade.

 

Magistrate(n.)

a judge in a court for minor crimes

 

burlesque(n.)

1.      a type of performance or entertainment that involves jokes, songs, and usually strippers

2.      a performance or piece of writing that makes something funny by repeating or performing it in a silly way

 

successive(a.)

coming or happening one after another in a series

Clarke remains champion for the sixth successive year.

 

Equilibrium(n.)

1.      a situation in which there is a balance between different forces or aspects

A new arms race in the region would upset the delicate equilibrium between the opposing factions.

*in equilibrium: a situation in which supply and demand are in equilibrium

2. a calm mental state in which you are in control of your feelings

He tried hard to maintain his equilibrium.

3.PHYSICS a state in which an object is not moving in any way, or is moving at the same rate all the time, because there is a balance between any forces affecting it

4.CHEMISTRY a situation in which a chemical reaction and its opposite reaction take place at the same rate and balance each other so there is no more change

 

Amplify(v.)

1.      to make sounds louder

2.      FORMAL to explain something more thoroughly or give it more emphasis

 

Avenge(v.)

1.      FORMAL to react to something wrong that has been done to you, your family, or your friends by punishing the person who did it

He swore to avenge his father’s death.